Secondary outcomes include the proportion of fallers, physical and cognitive performance in 300 participants, and brain structure and function in 105 participants who will undertake MRI scans at baseline and 6 months. The primary outcome will be rate of falls, reported by monthly diaries during the 12-month duration of the study and analysis will be by intention-to-treat. All groups will receive an education booklet on fall prevention. The cognitive-motor training group participants will use a wireless electronic floor step mat that requires accurate stepping using both legs for playing the same smart±step games, hence incorporating balance exercises. Cognitive training group participants will use a desktop electronic touch pad to play games with the smart±step system while seated and using both hands. Both training interventions involve the use of the smart±step home-based computerised game playing system for a recommended 120 min/week for 12 months. Participants (n=750) will be randomly allocated to (1) cognitive-only training, (2) cognitive-motor training or (3) control groups. Methods and analysis Community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and over, residing in Sydney Australia, will be recruited. 9 Institute for Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg University Library Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bayern, Germanyĭr Daina L Sturnieks d.8 Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.7 Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.6 Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.5 Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.4 Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.3 School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.2 School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.1 Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
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